Nomenclatural adjustments in African plants 2

The identity of Cineraria purpurata L. (1771) has remained uncertain until now. It was described by Linnaeus from one of over 200 specimens of Cape plants sent to him by the Governor at the Cape, Rijk Tulbagh (1699–1771), appointed to the post in 1751. Tulbagh had an abiding interest in natural history, and letters in the Cape Archives attest that he regularly sent staff members of the Company’s garden into the interior ‘ter opsoeking en versameling van Planten, gewassen, kruidjen en Insecten’ [‘to search for and collect plants, crops, herbs and insects’] (Glenn & Germishuizen 2010). Although relatively detailed for the time, the description provided by Linnaeus (1771) was certainly not enough to identify the species on its own, and the name was subsequently included by De Candolle (1836) amongst the 11 species of Cineraria that were inadequately known to him. The name then disappeared from the botanical literature, and it is not cited by Harvey (1865) in his treatment of the family for the Flora capensis. It reappears as one of the species excluded from Cineraria L. by Cron et al. (2006) in their revision of the genus, where they lectotypify it against Tulbagh 44 in the Linnean Herbarium (LINN) but without further comment as to its identity. Although now linked to a specimen, the application of the name remained uncertain (Jarvis 2007) until we examined the type and recognised it as the species currently known as Mairia hirsuta DC.


Introduction
The identity of Cineraria purpurata L. (1771) has remained uncertain until now.It was described by Linnaeus from one of over 200 specimens of Cape plants sent to him by the Governor at the Cape, Rijk Tulbagh (1699-1771), appointed to the post in 1751.Tulbagh had an abiding interest in natural history, and letters in the Cape Archives attest that he regularly sent staff members of the Company's garden into the interior 'ter opsoeking en versameling van Planten, gewassen, kruidjen en Insecten' ['to search for and collect plants, crops, herbs and insects'] (Glenn & Germishuizen 2010).Although relatively detailed for the time, the description provided by Linnaeus (1771) was certainly not enough to identify the species on its own, and the name was subsequently included by De Candolle (1836) amongst the 11 species of Cineraria that were inadequately known to him.The name then disappeared from the botanical literature, and it is not cited by Harvey (1865) in his treatment of the family for the Flora capensis.It reappears as one of the species excluded from Cineraria L. by Cron et al. (2006) in their revision of the genus, where they lectotypify it against Tulbagh 44 in the Linnean Herbarium (LINN) but without further comment as to its identity.Although now linked to a specimen, the application of the name remained uncertain (Jarvis 2007) until we examined the type and recognised it as the species currently known as Mairia hirsuta DC.
The description of C. purpurata L. is relatively complete, including the habit [herbaceous with simple, sulcate stems] and foliage, with details of the leaf shape, margins and vestiture [alternate and basally congested, petiolate and obovate with revolute and subserrate or serrulate margins, the blade pubescent above and tomentose beneath], and comparative size [as large as those of Chrysanthemum leucanthum], the nature and approximate size of the inflorescence [pedunculate with a solitary head as large as that in Amellus] and the involucre [phyllaries free, subequal and pubescent], the colour of the rays [purple], and the observation that the pappus bristles are plumose (Figure 1).The combination of herbaceous habit, moderately large capitula with purple rays, and plumose pappus bristles is diagnostic of the genus Mairia Nees amongst southern African Asteraceae, and this identification is confirmed by examination of the lectotype (Figure 2).This small genus of six species endemic to the Cape Floristic Region of southern Africa is defined by its geophytic, scapose habit with mostly broad, leathery leaves, femalefertile ray florets with white or pink to purple limb, and ribbed cypselas with a biseriate pappus, the outer series of reduced barbellate or plumose bristles and the inner of plumose bristles (Herman & Zinnecker-Wiegand 2016).

Introduction
The name Psilosiphon Entwisle (1989), published for a genus of algae in the family Lemaneaceae (now Batrachospermaceae) predates Psilosiphon Welw.ex Goldblatt & J.C.Manning (2015), established for 15 species of tropical and southern Africa Iridaceae that were segregated from Lapeirousia Pourr (Goldblatt & Manning 2015).Although Psilosiphon Welw.was cited in synonymy under Lapeirousia by J.G. Baker (1878), it was validated only by Goldblatt & Manning (2015) and is thus an illegitimate homonym.We propose the new name Afrosolen for this genus of Iridaceae subfamily Crocoideae.The generic name reflects the tubular perianth of this widespread African genus (Greek solen = pipe).
New combinations are provided for the species recognized by Goldblatt & Manning (2015).

Taxonomic treatment
Note: Heterotypic synonyms are not included below but are presented in full by Goldblatt (1990) and Goldblatt & Manning (2015).